What Researchers Did
Researchers conducted a literature review, informed by two case experiences, to propose medical management options for refractory haematuria in palliative patients.
What They Found
The review highlighted a limited evidence base for managing refractory haematuria in palliative patients. The authors reported successful use of a nonconjugated oestrogen, which carries a lower venous thromboembolism risk compared to conjugated oestrogens, in their two cases.
Canadian Relevance
This study has no direct Canadian connection.
Study Limitations
A key limitation is the limited evidence base identified in the literature review, which was informed by only two case experiences.